For the past few nights, i’ve been reading about the question of free will from the perspective of physicists, and i’ve been intrigued to find that many believe the universe to be completely deterministic in nature. I guess this makes sense; if you believe in materialistic monism, then it likely becomes difficult to account for metaphysical variables such as consciousness, free will, and certain abstract notions and experiences that are characteristic of the human condition. In order to stick to that worldview, you’d have no choice but to reduce all human complexities to mechanistic occurrences that are materially inevitable.
In one particularly amusing exchange between a hardcore determinist and free-will advocate, the proponent of free will argued that the fact that he’d decided to strike up a conversation with the determinist was a clear expression of his free will; the determinist argued that, on the contrary, their conversation was inevitable, because they were both comprised of particles bound by the laws of physics, and were thus bound by the determinism that underlies all physical phenomena. Such dilemmas are why i love the Islamic explanation of ‘amr bayn al amrayn; that the truth lies somewhere in the middle. This view accounts for the full picture- it doesn’t negate the deterministic realities of our lives as reflected within the details of our biological composition, yet it also doesn’t negate the fact that we have the God-given will to make our own unique decisions against the backdrop of these factors. The Qur’an itself affirms that the laws of nature are generally immutable; and yet, it affirms that exceptions even to these laws exist, if God so wills. I’ve always had a special love for Surah ‘Asr because it beautifully captures both these realities.
My main beef with determinism (and its scary older brother, superdeterminism) is that such notions strip reality of all meaning and leave nihilism as the only logical approach to life. If all of my actions are predetermined at an atomic level, then committing acts of evil should render no consequences for me, because i was simply doing what was inevitable anyway. The notion of human agency- that our choices are, indeed, choices- is what gives life meaning, makes consequences just, and allows us to retain ideals, beliefs, passions, goals, and desires that enable us to build a complex and deeply fulfilling existence that isn’t purely animalistic or mundane in nature. Poetically speaking, i’d go so far as to say that the best counterargument to hard determinism is simply… love. Many realities of existence might be materially reducible, but love remains the eternally indefinable enigma that renders logic and materialism powerless. While the emotion itself might arise deterministically, the pursuit of love in all its forms is the highest expression of free will.
x r
